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E. STAUB. v BALANCE APPARATUS FOR ASGERTA'INING COUNTS 0R NUMBERS 0F YARN.

Patented Apr. 10, 1888.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. STAUB.

I BALANGE'APPARATUS FOB. ASOERTAINING COUNTS 0R NUMBERS OF YARN.

No. 380,826. Patented Apr. 10, 1888.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL STAUB, OF. LEIPSIO, SAXONY, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB TO GEORGE THOMAS, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

BALANCE APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING COUNTS 0R NUMBERS 0F YARN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 380,826, dated April 10, 1888. Application filed April 2, 1887. Serial No. 233,403. (No model.) Patented in England May 19, 1886, No. 6,703.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL STAUB, a subject ot'the Emperor of Germany, and residing at Leipsic, in the Empire of Germany, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Balance Apparatus for Ascertainin g Counts or Numbers of Yarn, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 6,703, dated May 19, 1886,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a balance apparatus by means of which the counts ornumbers of yarn from which any cloth or woven fabric has been made can be ascertained, and this can be effected from small cuttings or samples irrespective of the material of which the fabric is composed, whether it be from worsted wool, carded wool, cotton, linen, jute, silk, or other yarns. All counts or numberings are by this balance apparatus reduced to a single weight, which is fixed, as hereinafter described, at one end of the balance-arm, at the other end of which is a hook. In order to determine the size of the respective cuttings or samples, a-

pattern or templet, preferably a brass or other metal plate, is prepared .for each system of numbering according to which these samples have to be cutout of these cuttings or samples. A number of ends are then drawn and a sufficient quantity of these ends put on the hook on the balance-arm until a balance or equipoise is effected. The number of the ends so put on expresses also the number of the count of the yarn, whether it be warp or weft threads that are tested.

In order that the invention may be fully understood and readily carried into effect I will describe the accompanying sheet of drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 an end elevation, and Fig. 3 a plan, all full size, of the balance apparatus constructed and arranged according to thisinvention. Figs. 4 and 5 are a side and end elevation, respectively, of the apparatus, each being shown slightly enlarged and partly in section. Figs. 6 and 7 are a side view and plan, respectively, of part of the same, the parts being shown still further enlarged. Figs. 8 and 9 are a horizontal section and front view in elevation, respectively, of the beam-supporting plate, the same being shown on a yet larger scale; and Fig. 10 is a full-sized view of one of the templets.

The balance apparatus is supported on one central pedestal, a, to which is secured the plate Z), which is preferably blackened to fa cilitate correct observation. The beam or balance arm 0, which is made preferably of fine steel wire, is bent at its fulcrum to an acute angle, and is slightly rounded at the point where it rests upon the lower sharp edge of an eye formed in a thin plate, d, of steel or other hard metal. The eye in the plate d being very small and the angle in the balance-arm 0 being so acute the said arm is always kept in its proper place and cannot fall out of the eye.

At each end of the arm a there is a hook, 0 and a, respectively, of which the hook c is intended to receive the ends of yarn to be assorted or classified, and the hook c constitutes the weight. It is not by any means essential that the arm should be weighted by a hook, as the weight may be of any form. A hook is used by preference, however, in order that an additional or auxiliary weight may be suspended therefrom when ascertaining the count or number of a coarse or heavy yarn. The arm 0 is free to oscillate on its fulcrum, but is prevented from makingtoolarge or extended a movement by a guide, 6, secured to the pedestal a. Below the arm 0 there is pivoted to the pedestal a a pendulum, f, to which are secured two arms or crossbars, f f, respectively, of which the arm f is so weighted that the arm f constantly assumes a horizontal position whether the pedestal stand in an absolutely perpendicular or somewhat oblique position. The free end of the arm f is bent horizontally at or about a right angle and so comes under the balance-arm c.

When it is desired to know the count or number of the yarn of which any cloth or woven fabric is composed, a small piece or sample of the cloth is cut to the size of its respective templet, and a number of ends of either warp or weft are withdrawn from this sample and placed upon the hook 0 until the balancearm 0 is parallel with the arm or cross-barf,

. described.

when a balance or equipoise will have been obtained, and the number of ends on the hook will indicate the number or count of the yarn.

In using the balance, if too large a number of ends of yarn are placed upon the hook a balance may be effected by placing some ends on the weighthook. These ends must then be deducted from those on the first hook.

The size of the templet for any particular yarn is determined by the standard length now used for ascertaining the count or number of that yarn, so that each end of yarn when drawn out from the piece cut to templet size will be a multiple of the standard length. Similarly the balance-weight (in the example shownin the drawings the weight of the book 0) has the same relation or proportion to a pound or other standard of weight as the templet bears to the standard of length. Gonsequently the templet and balance-weight bear the same relation to one another as the standard of length bears to the standard of weight, and the templets and balance-weights may be altered so long as this proportion is preserved. Therefore different templets are required for different goods-such as, say, No. 1, cotton; No. 2, worsted and woolen; No. 3, linen; No. 4, silk, and so on.

If it be required to ascertain the counts of yarns in fabrics which are made of warp of one fiber and weft of another fiber, a separate piece'or sample must be cut the size of each respective templet, the warp ends being withdrawn and the count ascertained from one sample and the weft ends being withdrawn and the count ascertained from the othersample; or, instead of cutting two separate samples, the piece may be out to the size of the larger templet. Then, by placing in one corner the smaller templet, representing the other fiber, the superfluous piece of cloth may be cut often one side, so as to leave the length of the warp and weft to agree with their respective templets.

The counts or numbers of odd lengths of yarn from cops, 850., may be determined by winding the yarn on its templet in such manner that each thread lies close to its neighbor. Then cut the threads at both ends of the templet and put sufficient of them on the book 0', so that a balance is obtained, as previously The number of threads on the hook will then indicate the number or count of the yarn.

For dyed yarns extra weight must be taken into account. Thus for yarn dyed light colors the counts will be actually from two to five per cent. finer than the number indicated by the balance, for medium shades from five to ten per cent., and for dark shades from ten to twenty per cent. For example. a yarn dyed a medium color will appear by the balance as aNo. 2O yarn,whereas in the undyed gray state it is really a No. 22.

For bleached yarns also an allowance must be made, as by bleaching, the weight of a yarn is diminished four to five per cent. or more. For instance, bleached yarn appears by the balance No. 21, whereas the same in undyed gray would have been about No. 20.

In coarse and closely-woven goods,as the real length of the thread when withdrawn from the piece and straightened exceeds the templet size, an allowance must be made; but in fine calico or other fine cloth this elongation of the threads is not appreciable and need not be taken into account.

Sized warps also have to be taxed from five to ten per cent. finer than the nominal or apparent number as determined by the balance. Thus a thread with ten per cent. sizing instead of being a No. 20 yarn, as classified by the balance, would represent a No. 22 yarn in the gray state.

The following are some of the chief advantages obtained by the use of this new or improved balance apparatus or yarn assorter and classifier:

((0.) The numbers or counts of yarn can be quickly and accurately ascertained from very small pieces of woven goods or from short lengths of yarn from cops, hanks, duo.

(b.) The apparatus is very small, portable, and reliable.

(0.) It is not necessary to have the pedestal of the apparatus exactly level. It records quite accurately when held in the hand.

Having thus stated the nature of my invention and described the manner of performing the same, what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. An apparatus for ascertaining the counts of yarn or numbers of yarn, consisting of a scale, a weight, and a templet, the templet and weight bearing the same relation to one another that the standard of length bears to the standard of weight, substantially as described.

2. In abalance apparatus, the combination, with a scale-beam, of a pendulum provided with an arm which is always held horizontal, and with which thescale-beam is parallel when balanced, substantially as described.

3. In a balance apparatus, the combination, with a pedestal and a scale-beam mounted thereon, of a guide-arm, c, projecting over the scalebeam, and the pendulumf, provided with the weighted arm f 2 and the bent arm f, projecting under the scale-beam,substantially as herein shown and described.

In testimony whereofI have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EMIL STAUB.

Witnesses:

CARL BORNGRAEBER, FREDERICK NAOHOR. 

